Policing Functions Paper

Individual Policing Functions Paper The police departments have come a long way from the way they were many years ago. The police have changed for the better but there is still room for improvement. In policing today there are a lot more officers, detectives, and other law enforcement officials accounted for then there was in the past years. When we have all of these people in the criminal system, it has made the government to be able to provide better protection for the people in the communities. Policing in the past and in the present there are many different outlooks of how the policing functions..These functions stem from different levels of law enforcement which includes the local, state, and federal organizational levels. These are very important parts of the criminal justice system, because every individual within these levels must be sure to protect citizens, enforce law, and perform the duties that are required of them in order to keep the United States safe from criminals a nd terrorist attacks from other foreign countries that might try to attack the United States. As years have passed on within policing, there are many possible future changes that will have an effect in the field of policing.Within each level of policing there are many different roles in which every individual in the policing field must take part in if they are going to be on the law enforcement team. I say this because this is a very serious 24/7 operation and the duties are never ending for each of the levels. The local law enforcement agencies were put in place to do routine patrol within the communities that are within their jurisdiction. Local police officers are also able to assist with emergency services, upholding traffic enforcement, and conduct criminal investigations.These local police officers overall role is to ensure that all citizens are safe within their communities. To ensure residents in their community, officers will ensure that they are safe by communication. Back in time officers were not to friendly with the residents they came in contact with, but that has also changed because law enforcement need residential help. Officers that work within the state level also have different functions that they must fulfill while working under the state level. State police will sometimes work with the local police officers, if need be.The state officer’s main function within the criminal justice system is ensuring that the main state highways and any rural areas within the particular state are safe. State officers are also in charge of inspecting suspicious vehicles. Under the federal government there are different agencies that have different functions. There are three popular organizations that are within the federal government in which they are Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI), The United States Marshal Service, and the United States Border Patrol, in which all three organizations have different functions that must be completed correctly. The functions of the FBI are responsible for major criminal investigation such as major drug organization, and any other high profile crimes. The United States Marshal Service function is to apprehend suspects that may be on the run because of their high profile case. The Us Marshal must also transport criminals/prisoners from state to state if needed. In addition the United States Border Patrol function is to ensure that even individual that enters or exist the United States have the proper documents in order to re-gain entrance into the United States.The Border Patrol also will have the right to check for any illegal good or drugs that individuals might try to smuggle into the United States. All there organizations work hand in hand in order to protect the citizens of the county and the county as a whole. All three level of the criminal justice system have many different functions within each level organizations, but they all serve for the same purpose in which is to protect citiz ens from illegal acts, and to ensure that the United States is free from different attacks.The levels of the criminal justice system have faced many changes in the past and still more changes to come for the near future. Since the attacks on the United States occurred on September 11, 2001 it damaged the United States in the worse way. There were changes that occurred after this attack, in which affect every level in the criminal justice system. At first the levels of the criminal system were out looking for individuals that commit misdemeanors and felonies, now the main function and role of the local, state, and federal levels is to ensure that the United States is protected from terrorism.In the near future there will be more effective technology, such as upgraded computer system, radar system, and different technology features that can help pinpoint and suspect. Lastly, all three levels in the near future may become one whole. I say this because in the near future every helping h and and every set of eyes is what the government is going to need. Reasons behind this are; as the world continues to change the crimes in the near future may be worse in what it has been in the past, and how it is at this current moment.These changes may have affected each level of law enforcement but the positive outcome of the change for all levels is that all local, state, and federal agencies now have the ability to share and use information with each other. This is a great choice because all levels will always be on the same page, and will all be alerted if something arises in the United States. All missions, functions, and roles within all levels still remain the same. The local, state, and federal level must learn how to maintain the crime level at the same time while protecting the country from for highly dangerous terrorist attacks.Thus the criminal justice system and the levels local, state, and federal level are always going to face different situations and will always e ncounter changes within the system. At all time the local, state, and federal level must still maintain all functions that are required from them. As stated in this paper it has examined the various perspectives of the policing function from the local, state, and federal organizational level. In this paper it has addressed the possible future changes in laws and the overall impact that these levels must face in the field of policing.

Library catalog Essay

Today, libraries are intensified and triggered by many advances and rapid inventions of science and technology that are greatly affecting the library operations as a whole. The non-stop discoveries of this new technology, particularly computers, redefined the role of libraries. A library is a collection of information, sources, resources, books, and services, and the structure in which it is housed. It is organized for use and maintained by a public body, an institution, or a private individual. In a more traditional sense, a library is a collection of books (â€Å"Library†, 2009). The library, more than any instrument of the society, is open to public use and the knowledge embodied in books are the foundation of a society to attain or develop more the potentialities of man which in return, will be a great factor in the progress of a nation. The library has the responsibility to upgrade its status through open access to these advances, to develop a plan of action in order to contribute and to become an effective partner especially in instruction, research and extension programs of an educational institute (Enem, 2002). From the statements above it is proven that the library has a big role not only to the students but also to the society and our country. Through the help of modern technology and information system, the library circulation system can improve. Library circulation or library lending comprises the activities around the lending of library books and other material to users of a lending library. A circulation or lending department is one of the key departments of a library (â€Å"LC†, 2009). Library circulation provides lending services and facilities for return of loaned items. Renewal of materials and payment of fines are also handled at the circulation desk. Circulation staff may provide basic search and reference services, though more in-depth questions are usually referred to reference librarians at the library reference desk. The circulation desk is in most cases staffed by library aides instead of professional librarians. The functions of the circulation desk staff may include the lending materials to library users, checking in materials returned, monitoring materials for damage and routing them to the appropriate staff for repair or replacement, troubleshooting circulation technology, i.e. library circulation software, scanners, printers, etc. , and collecting statistics on library use, i. e. patron transactions, material checkouts, etc. The two categories of Information System (IS) are the manual or traditional system and automatic or also known as Computer-Based Information System (CBIS). Before the use of CBIS, all the data are processed manually in a traditional system, where all the information are written and stored in different files. Sometimes, this process is called non-computerized system. Non-computerized is not efficient because it consumes a lot of time to find and update the information. To eliminate this problem, a new system was created which is known as computerized system or CBIS. Computer-Based Information Systems (CBIS) is composed of hardware, software, databases, telecommunications, people, and procedures that are configured to collect, manipulate, store, and process data into information (Abraham, 2009). The library of University of the Philippines Diliman was established in 1922 has grappled with four basic concerns: the book fund, staff development, library services and information technology. And in 1999 the university had opened an online public access catalog and launched the university library web. Another school that has a library system running in web based is the De La Salle-College of Saint Benilde in 1999. Each year, the school library acquires new resources and upgrades equipment for the use of students. As of august 2009, the library has a collection of over 122,000 book titles and more than 45,000 titles of electronic books. Using CBIS nowadays as a tool for development not only uplifts a company’s reputation, but also help fix things to the best. And also by using the intranet as a platform of the system can be a great help for improving the services of the library. An intranet is a private computer network that uses Internet technologies to securely share any part of an organization’s information or operational systems with its employees. Sometimes the term refers only to the organization’s internal website, but often it is a more extensive part of the organization’s computer infrastructure and private websites are an important component and focal point of internal communication and collaboration (King, 2002). Mr. A. T. Valdes, the librarian of NPCMSTI said that the library is an instrument that is used to provide data and information needed by the student in his study by collecting books that are important in their subjects as references. He added that from the books collected and selected, they are maintained in  order to be available to the students when the need it (personal communication, April 6, 2002). In addition, there are problems encountered in the manual or traditional library system of NPCMSTI based from the study conducted by the students of NPCMSTI. These include more effort and slow inventory of books, inefficient searching of books, inefficient generation of reports, and inefficient monitoring of books. The library has more than 4000 number of books and monitoring all these books require a lot of time and effort (Carreon, Delmendo, Maala, Mendoza & Penequito, 2008). Considering the advantages brought by CBIS and the problems encountered in the existing library system of NPCMSTI, the researcher decided to propose a computerized library system for NPCMSTI. Company Background The vision of the NPCMSTI library is to be a functional media center for meritorious resources especially in Nautical Science or Marine Transportation, Marine Engineering, Computer Science, Criminology, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, and Technical Vocational courses towards an excellent training development of professionals, diligent seafarers and skilled workers in the community. Its mission is to seek endeavor to provide quality service and to support the school’s educational programs, planning, research and extension services and instructional needs of the academic through stipulating bits of information comprehensively in any structure, in any part of the country, and of the whole world. Quality Objectives. The school library has the following objectives: (1) to strengthen and upgrade the library resources; (2) to upgrade library facilities and equipment;(3) to train personnel to enhance their technical skills and competitiveness; and (4) to link and network with local, national and international institutions. The library has a total of 11,832 book collections from the Degree courses to Non-Degree courses. The primary function of a library system are to facilitate the loan of books to borrowers, record receipt of returned books, and keep track of the status of books that should be returned. Reference Services. The obligation of the library is to render full assistance to readers in using the library and its contents. The librarian handles library resources such as dictionaries, encyclopedias, almanacs, biographies, atlases, and gazetteers. Orientation. The librarian’s unique responsibility is to utilize fully his resources in making as nearly certain as possible that the best materials for the particular purpose find their way to the readers. Also, the librarian serves as the mediator between man and the graphic records that he and his previous generations have produced and that the goal of the library is to maximize the social utility of graphic records for the benefit of the society. Library Hours. The library is open with its continuous hour service, from Monday to Friday which starts from 7:30 in the morning until 5:00 in the afternoon. Responsibilities of the Library Staff. The Northern Philippines College for Maritime, Science and Technology Library is manned by a Librarian, Assistant Librarian, and Library assistants. The Librarian shall administer the library, direct the activities of the staff, keep financial records of the library, keep records of the replacement of books, in charge of collecting and monitoring late fees, select and purchase books, library materials and supplies, stimulate growth of library services, attend library meetings or seminars, undertake indexing, classification and cataloging books and non-book materials and maintain relations to publishers and distributors. The Assistant Librarian shall take charge in absence of the librarian, help the librarian in indexing, classifying and cataloging of books and responsible for materials like clippings, periodicals and other documents, take charge in clipping and binding press and reviews, undertake the processing of books and non-book materials from putting accession number and stamping ownership mark to shelving. The Library Assistant shall issue and retrieve books at the circulation section, do the shelving and shelf reading of books retrieved, Paste torn pages of books and periodicals, undertake filing of clippings in the vertical file, type book cards, paste pockets and date due slips in books, cover books with plastic cover, stamp on books and periodicals, and file cards in the card catalogue. Cataloging and Classification. In the cataloging and classification of the book collections, the Anglo-American Cataloging Rules is adopted and the method used to describe an item that the library acquired. Also, the Dewey Decimal Classification System, the Sears List of Subject Heading and the Cutter Number of Tables are used in the NPCMSTI library. Borrowers. The student registered in the college, faculty members, staff, administrators, alumni of the college, and scholars or researchers from other institutions or organizations with endorsement letter from their librarians can use the services of the library. Importance of the Study This study is important to the following entities: To the Community. Through the help of this study it shall uplift the community’s education of the Filipinos by improving the services of the library. To the NPCMSTI. The output of the study shall be a great aid to the people using the library in the school. By improving and implementing the computerized system, books are monitored and also the quality of service that the school renders shall be uplifted and it also helps meet the vision and mission of the school. To the Staff-in Charge. The output of the study shall help easy recording and accessing of books records. By this study, librarians can monitor the status of the book at the library if it is available or borrowed. They can easily generate book reports such as available books, borrowed books, and inventory of the books by category. From this they shall save time and effort, and they can do more output in simple way. To the Faculty. The study would be beneficial to them for faster searching of the book information. By using the computerized system, the instructor can determine the book information in which they can use as their references in their subjects that they are teaching. They can also determine the book status whether it is available or borrowed by using the search feature of the system. From this they can save more time and effort. To the Students. The study would be beneficial to them in which searching of the book information would be faster. By using the computerized system, the student can determine the book information and also the book status if it is available or borrowed by using the search feature of the system or if they know the title of the book they want to borrow, they can easily determine if that book is available at the library, from this study they can save more time and effort. To other Researchers. This shall be a reference in conducting studies related to computer on wider prospective and may also serve as a basis for further study related to computer program. To the Researcher. Through this, the researcher shall be able to determine and appreciate the impact using technology for the productivity of every individual. Statement of the Problem The main aim of the study was to design and develop a computerized library circulation system for NPCMSTI. Specifically, the project aimed to answer the following questions: 1. What are the processes involved in the existing library circulation system of NPCMSTI along the areas on: a) borrowing and returning of books and other reading materials, and b) inventory of books and other reading materials, and  report generation? 2. What system features can be incorporated in the proposed library system in terms of: a) functionalities, b) back-up and restoration facilities, and c) security and control measures? Objectives of the Study The researcher aimed to design and develop a computerized library circulation system for NPCMSTI. Specifically, the study aimed to achieve the following: 1. Identify the processes involved in the existing library circulation system of NPCMSTI along the areas on: a) borrowing and returning of books and other reading materials, and  b) inventory of books and other reading materials, and report generation. 2. To determine the system features that can be incorporated in the proposed library system in terms of: a) functionalities, b) back-up and restoration facilities, and c) security and control measures. Definition of Terms The following terms are operationally defined: Administration. This refers to the supervision of the library by full-time, professionally-trained staff under a well-defined organizational setup. Back-up. This is the capability of the system to create a copy of the database. Book Category. The classification of a books as Filipiniana or Foreign. Borrowing of books. This is the process of lending available books and reading materials at the library. Inventory of Books. The process of generating a list of books borrowed, list of books available, and list of Filipiniana books and Foreign books by course. Filipiniana. These are books and non-book materials, published in the Philippines or abroad, written by Filipinos in any dialects or in English. Foreign. These are books and non-book materials, published in the Philippines or abroad, written by foreigners in any dialects or in English. Library System Functionality Features. These are the functions that are incorporated in the system such as searching of books, and verifying of borrowed books and returned books. Library Automation. It is an innovation using the computer to enhance the operation of the library. Library Circulation. It is comprised of the activities around the lending and borrowing of library books and other material to users. Library Environment. This refers to the physical condition, site, facilities and equipment of the library. Library Resources. This refers to the library personnel, book collection, services and use of the library. Non-print. These are non-book materials in various formats and style. Readers Services. These are services provided to customer such as bibliographical instruction on the effective use of the library, abstracting, information retrieval, reader’s guidance, and indexing. Report Generation. The process of generating a report on books needed by the librarian. Restore. Capability of the system that restores backup database into the system. Returning of Books. The process of returning the borrowed book at the library by the borrower. Searching of Books. The process of searching books at the library. Security measures. These are the computer controls that the library system will adopt in-order to protect the information or data in the database. Services. These are the activities that ensures maximum access and availability of resources and satisfactory use of the Library. Staff. They are the human resource of the library that maintains the services. This includes the professionals and the non-professional staff.

Gender Roles in Shakespeares Othello Essay example

Gender Roles in Shakespeares Othello Othello represents a prime example of Shakespeares ability to develop relationships between the sexes so as to demonstrate those relationships weaknesses. In Othello, the sexes are divided by misconceptions and ego- centric views of the opposite gender. The men of the play, in particular Othello, maintain a patriarchal, chivalric notion of the sexes, while the women of the play yearn for more involvement in their husbands affairs. So it is that the thrust of the play emerges from the opposition of attitudes, viewpoints, and sexes. (Neely 214) One of the critical factors in the relationship between the sexes lies in the distinct separation between them in the play. Rarely do men†¦show more content†¦(Neely 217-219) All of the characters seem to plan and plot out of suspicion rather than established facts, either by ignorance or by choice. The crowning example is, of course, Othellos suspicion that Desdemona and Cassio have been having an affair, but the general rule remains true for others as well. Iago, believing that the Moor has bedded his own wife, uses his suspicion to help justify his actions: I know not if it be true, But I, for mere suspicion in that kind, Will do as if for surety. (I.iii.370-373) In the same passage, Iago describes Othello as having . . . . . . . . . . .a free and open nature, That thinks men honest that but seem to be so. (I.iii.381-382) The same could be said of Roderigo, who, like Othello, trusts Iago in spite of evidence to the contrary--in the case of Roderigo, that Iago continues to take his money despite the fact that he gains nothing from it. This separation of fact and fantasy remains unresolved until the final act of the play, in which the death of Desdemona ultimately leads to the revelation that it was Iagos manipulations that led to the establishment of individual fantasies. There is one person in the play able to overcome this divorce of intimacy between the sexes: Cassio. However, his two relationships in the play--his entreatment of Desdemona for help to regain Othellos favor and his lusty, physical intimacy with Bianca--contrast two wildly different views of women. On the one hand is hisShow MoreRelated The Manipulation of Gender Roles in Shakespeare’s Othello Essay4756 Words   |  20 PagesThe Manipulation of Gender Roles in Shakespeare’s Othello Of Shakespeare’s great tragedies, the story of the rise and fall of the Moor of Venice arguably elicits the most intensely personal and emotional responses from its English-speaking audiences over the centuries. Treating the subject of personal human relationships, the tragedy which should have been a love story speaks to both reading and viewing audiences by exploring the archetypal dramatic values of love and betrayal. 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The Philosophical Thesis Of Incompatibilism - 966 Words

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Welfare Policy And The American Government - 1162 Words

Welfare Policy Lana Eliot Sociology 320 Professor Mentor March 26, 2016 When a person first hears the word welfare, they think of free money, food and lazy people. This is such a stereotyped opinion of all that the welfare system is and what it does for millions of individuals and families in the United States. To socially define welfare one could view it as a: social effort designed to promote the basic physical and material well-being of people in need† (dictionary.com). Because there are so many different views on welfare the American government has attempted to create a welfare policy for all Americans to follow and acknowledge. But who or what defined happiness? Who makes the decision on what Americans are considered to be in need? Federal, state, and local governments have implemented guidelines to answer these very questions, but like many policies in America there is ridicule and controversy. Welfare has become an issue here in America. There are many unanswered questions from who is eligible, to how long a person or family can receive be nefits. The welfare system that we have today is far from perfect and many people feel there need to be a lot of changes made to it so it is implemented to better serve a bigger variety of Americans. This is not a very easy process as there are many steps the government must take before this will occur. I think that it is the responsibility of policy actors to make changes in our current welfare system we have inShow MoreRelatedMandatory Drug Testing Should Be Banned1365 Words   |  6 Pageswhether or not welfare recipients in particular should be subjected to mandatory drug testing. According to Besonen, programs such as welfare were created in the 1930s to temporarily aid struggling Americans to help get them back up on their feet. (Besonen, 2014). 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Impact of Advertisement on Sales of a Product

Question: Discuss about the Case Study for Impact of Advertisement on Sales of a Product. Answer: Introduction Advertisement can be defined as a means of non-personal presentation in promoting ideas or goods and services by a company to its customers. Advertisements are always paid for since a media has to be used in conveying the message. Advertisement can be divided into three different errors including the pre-marketing error, dating back to the mid eighteenth century where buyers and sellers only met in private places. During this period, means such as taverns were used to advertise a product. The mass communication error was then introduced in the mid 1700. This made advertising quite easy since a large population was able to get the information faster through broadcast media. The latest advertising method has been introduced in the research era; this method is able to reach the narrowly targeted group. Here, every group has its message thats basically intended for it. Advertising is a popular concept in marketing practice in the sphere of commerce. It connotes marketing communication ai med at promoting the sale of a product, majorly in a business context. Brand equity has become a major issue in most organizational environments; therefore a lot of research has been put in place to manage, increase and quantify branding (Keller and Lehmann, 2006). This study works on advertising features such as non- monetary promotions and what exactly is contained in the advert. Some of the frameworks used to identify the consumers taste about a brand include; loyalty of the brand and its associations, brand awareness and its perceived quality. However, some factors have to be considered while advertising a brand to a consumer; country of origin, age of the brand, likely risks of the brand and the market size among others. (Simon and Sullivan, 1993) The study investigates the association of two marketing elements i.e sales promotion and advertising. Specifically, my research focuses on advertising of new brands in a quantitative and qualitative manner. The study also aims at showing how advertising is important in influencing brand equity dimensions by improving the consumers awareness. The proposal will focus on the various aspects of research including the Problem Statement, Research Objectives, the project Justification/rationale, anticipated/expected research result or Output, Research Hypothesis, Conceptual Framework, Organization and Methodology of the Study. The project timeline, listing the budget estimates and the Gantt chart, will also be dealt with. Problem Statement Currently, the marketing era has become competitive, therefore many managers in different business organizations have to employ and adopt latest branding and advertising promotional tools in order to sell their products. Advertising therefore remains the major tool in information dissemination to the market whenever a new product is to be introduced. This makes the consumers aware of the new product hence they gain the interest to purchase and use the products. The relevant statement of the research is the impact of advertising and branding on the sales of a new product in a business organization. However, even with the above and many more advantages of advertising in impacting sales and organizational success, not much research have been conducted to unveil the holistic impacts of the undertaking. There is not sufficient research-oriented evidence that links advertising and branding to world economies directly or through proxies (Lake, 2016). Effectively, therefore, the research seeks to fill these gaps. It seeks to explore and evaluate the impacts of proper advertising and branding policy and practice on the pace of growth and expansion of an organization and its general marketing success in the long run. Research Objectives The main objective underlying all advertising is building primary demand and increasing awareness among consumers of a new product. Its also clear that companies spend a lot of money on advertisement with the aim of increasing profitability and reputation of the company. As is conventional, the answers to these research questions will help meeting the requirements of the objectives stated above. The will help bring out the aspects of advertising and branding under consideration. Other broad objectives are: To increase market share through advertising. To build brand performance and recognition through advertising. To develop overseas market. Justification of the project This study properly researched and supervised will enable groups such as supermarkets, policy makers, practitioners, experts and other scholars in conveying a lot of information in decision making and operations when advertising and branding a product. In addition, other officials responsible for marketing in various companies more so those involved in consumer production sector will be well conversant will the advantages and disadvantages of advertising. Despite all the above being put into consideration, consultancies involved in promotion and other researchers still need more information to successfully carry out their study. The commercial message with sound quality overwhelms the consumers when they see or hear it. Researching in this area to make such facts bare and accessible is fundamental in contributing to the best marketing practice and organization development. Moreover, the focus on the impacts of the advertising on the sales volume most addresses the positive aspects on ly. However, in this research, the focus is not only on its positive effects but also on the negative effects. The research will also delve on the entirety of the spectrum in the sense of its effect on the companys marketing practice and organizational success (Landau, 2015). Expected Research Output / Outcomes In markets, business activities are characterized by global competition and changes in technological developments or consumers preference and taste and other market forces that lead to decreased product life cycle within the market environment (McAlister, 2007). Due to such uncertainties, business persons must strategize to offer services that their competitors do not offer; this is achievable by having a positive reputation. These services should as well be long term, this links to the branding concept (Mizik, 2008). To gain sustainable competitive advantage, one can promote branding and branding equity in a wider perspective. This research expects to clearly bring out the following elements. The practical benefits of active and proper advertising and branding and how it has led to marketing and organizational success in specific case stories. Working methodologies of promoting branding and advertising to achieve greater heights of organizational success. The proposal will also highlight the negative impacts of the practice, showing how the negative cases came about. It will then highlight the methods of overcoming the negative aspects. The above mentioned outcomes define the scope of work of the proper research so that the relevant apparatus will be directed accordingly (Buholaiqah, 2009). Conceptual Framework To understand a brand, one has to go beyond the logo, image or the tagline on the product. However, a consumer should look at a set of relationships and expectations from a product. After all, its the customers view about a product that determines whether he or she will purchase the product. There are some slight differences that a sales manager has to be will conversant with; for example, a product is always in the shop of a retailer whereas a brands is an imagination on the consumers mind, its so difficult to copy a brand as compared to copying a product by your competitor and finally, a brand last for long time periods compared to a product that quickly gets outdated. (Batey, 2008). Its also clear that consumers do not have a close association with a product as compared to a brand that has a set of promises with it. Therefore good brands stick for long in the consumers mind hence increasing their purchasing power thus promoting the companies name. Despite having a strong brand pro file, advertisement communication to the buyers is paramount to ensure the quick sale of the brand, otherwise if the communication is weak then the brand will definitely fail. To build a strong brand, a manager has to understand the competitors taste. Even though developing strong brands take a very long time, new brands need to be relevant and appealing to the buyers hence need to change over years to adapt with the changing consumers taste (Batey, 2008). Research Hypothesis As is conventional in research the hypotheses holds the positions that will be proved or questions that will answered by the outcomes of the research process. Accordingly, null and alternate hypotheses are often about the same principles. H 0(a): Advertising serve as communication gadgets by companies to its customers. H 1(a): Advertisement does not increase the revenue stream to the company leading to an increased and widened profit margin. H 0(b): Advertising has an Impact of increased revenue stream to the company. H 1(b): Advertising has no impact of organizational success to the company. H0 (c) Advertising has the impact of causing organization success to the company . Methodology In undertaking the research to test the above hypotheses, various methodologies will be employed, some of which involves the consumers whiles others engage the records of the company. In this regard, in investigating the effects (positive and negative) of advertising on the companys revenue stream and profitability, model companies will be selected. Six companies that practice active advertising in their marketing mix will be randomly sampled to help in the study and analysis. Those with exceptional result in profitability and revenue stream will be used as control. Their financial statement with the same trading year will be analyzed in terms of rate of stock turn over, revenue stream, profitability or losses among other financial analysis parameters. Further, the movement path of the product of the model companies will be followed for the most advertised product vis--vis the less advertised one to demarcate the effect of advertisement. This will ensure practical observation of the product movement through the market chains is achieved. This in turn will help explain the difference between the practices of advertisement in terms of product performance in the market. The other methods of obtaining information will include using key informant interviews using the Sales executives, financial controllers and the CEOs of the respective companies sampled. The conversation with the officials of the companies will focus on the advertisement implementation schemes of their companies and the effects on the balance sheet over the one year financial year. The use of questionnaires and surveys will be used in data gathering. In conducting the research on advertise, the following fact of the path of commodity movement in the channel must be understood. The product being advertised passes through the following stages in the hands of the consumer; (Naik, 2003) Introduction Stage: consumers are for the first time introduced to a new product in the market. This is the earliest stage in advertisement and the sales here for the product are very low but a lot of money is used in advertising the product. This is majorly because most consumers arent aware of the new product therefore advertisement is critical. Growth Stage: A good number of customers are well informed of the new product through advertising and the sales start to increase. Consumers buy more of the product after theyre convinced that this is the good or service they really need. The company starts making profits at this stage since less is spent on advertisement of the new product. Maturity Stage: Advertisement of the new product is still on though most customers are aware of the product. At this stage, total profits are still high though it continues to decline since the product is accepted by most of the buyers. Decline Stage: Most consumers exhaust the product or service under subject and tend to shift to the new products in the market. The sales and profits made here start to decline at a faster rate. The research will be conducted to evaluate the likely effects of advertising on the benefits the company and also the consumers view about the concept of labeling. The major focus is to obtain how and advertising shapes the customer perception of the product in question and how this translates into sales. (Naik and Raman, 2003). The consumers on the other hand must go through other additional processes including; Awareness Stage: At this stage, the consumers do not have information about the product but they are made aware of the new product being introduced by the company. Interest Stage: Consumers develop interest in the new product and start being inquisitive, the advertising sector of the company therefore comes in to describe the new product to the buyer. Evaluation Stage: The consumer compares the new product with the other initially used, he/she weighs the advantages and the disadvantages and finally makes the decision to try the product or not. Trial Stage: Consumers give the new product a trial over a period of time then compares the taste to the products initially used. Adoption Stage: Consumer finally decides and uses the good or service on a regular basis. Post-Adoption Confirmation Stage: This is the last stage where the consumer gets the assurance that he made the right decision to using the good on a regular basis. (Heaton, 2015). Data Analysis: Both quantitative and qualitative methodologies will be employed in this research. The data collected through the surveys and the questionnaires will be collated and statistically analyzed through the authentic packages. Thereupon, the analyzed data will be subjected to metaphysical and logical critiquing and reasoning to ensure the most probable conclusion. Qualitative Analysis: This analysis seeks to establish a causal link between the data generated from the collection and the expected happening to firm up the reasoning. The literary concepts are engaged to come up with an origin for forming a united association based on the learning from the online discussions and research. Alternative methods popular in this regard include FGD(focus groups discussion), thorough interviews, key informant interview and checking of documents. Inductive investigation and reason is particularly popular with this method to formulate a theory or hypothesis. Statistical tests are not engaged. (Nfs Gov., 1997). Quantitative Analysis: Statistical operations are used in this case. Items like tables, figures, excel sheets, pie charts and statistical functions are used. The collected data are manipulated in the process of statistical and mathematical modeling to produce patterns displayed in graphs to better explain the situation. Tools such as frequency distribution, regression analysis and central tendency measurement which are in the domain of descriptive statistics are used in this case. In analyzing the thesis, several tools which will tend to analyze whether the contemplated hypothesis are to be accepted or declined. In this research, just as has been mentioned, both the methods above will be complementarily engaged to develop the solution in handling the stated problem. Data realized through the questionnaires, interviews, survey and secondary sources will be organized in an orderly manner to enable seamless deployment of the two methods. Study Framework My study is expected to test the validity of the works done previously by other researchers in relation to my study. The existing theory will be used as a means of understanding the conflicting ideas among researchers. This research will be executed in a stepwise and organized fashion. The framework will include handling every segment in differentiated but linked chapters in the final report. Accordingly, the various segments will be assigned various time limits complete with the proposed budget. This will enable proper accounting for every resource used and the remaining bits. (Leighton, 2012). Timeline The time budget for the research operation can be mapped using the Gantt chart as shown below: Week Task 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Identification of Topic Finding Background Information Literature Review Collection Evaluation of Findings Research Design Data Collection Data Analysis a Expected outcome Identification Submission of Report Gantt chart: Proposed Budget and Its Justification The proposed cost for this study is $5800- $7800. All arrangements will be made to ensure that the various activities are carried out during the specified time frames as shown in the Gantt chart. The budget has taken care of the cost of acquisition of the resource documents from government departments and other organizations. It has also taken care of any unplanned activity and that is why the approximation is wide enough. The proposed cost will include the elements below: Review of the Literature will incorporate different resources such as textbooks, journals and online among other sources for the purpose of acquisition of data. The assigned cost is approximated to be $1300- $1600. The Data Collection method will involve; preparation and printing of questionnaires, their collection and distribution, facilitation of research assistants while researching and creating of mails. The budget for this will be $1800- $2500. Miscellaneous such as visiting government libraries for documents could also require some fee. This is budgeted for at $700-$1000. Data Analysis which will account for $2000- $2700. My parents will sponsor the whole of my project in case it goes through the proposal stage. The total budget for the operation is estimated to be in the range of $5800- $7800. The breakdown is shown below. Purpose Approximated Cost Literature Review $1300 - $1600 Data Collection $1800 - $2500 Data Analysis $2000 - $2700 Miscellaneous $700 - $1000 Total $5800 - $7800 References Batey, M. (2008), Brand Meaning, Taylor Francis Group, New York Buholaiqah, A. (2009). Employment Branding:The Impact of Company Image and Training. California State University. Retrieved from https://web.csulb.edu/colleges/cba/honors/thesis/documents/Ahmed_Thesis.pdf Dolatabadi, H. R., Kazemi, A., Soltani, N. (2012, November). The Impact of Brand Personality on Product Sale through Brand Equity (Case Study: Cosmetic Products Retailers). International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 02(11), 1-16. Retrieved from https://www.hrmars.com/admin/pics/1320.pdf Heaton, J. (2015). Invisible Consequences: How Branding Impacts B2B Sales. Invisible Consequences. Retrieved from https://www.tronviggroup.com/invisible-consequences/ Keller KL, Lehmann DR. Brands and branding: research findings and future priorities. Marketing Science 2006; 25(6): 740-759. Keller, K. L. (2004). BRANDS AND BRANDING: RESEARCH FINDINGS AND FUTURE PRIORITIES. Dartmouth College , Tuck School of Business . Retrieved from https://bear.warrington.ufl.edu/CENTERS/MKS/invited/BRANDS%20AND%20BRANDING.pdf Lake, L. (2016). What is Branding and Why is It Important? Branding Basics. Retrieved from https://marketing.about.com/od/brandstrategy/u/brandbasics.htm Landau, J. (2015). What is Branding? WHAT IS BRANDING? Retrieved from https://www.brickmarketing.com/define-branding.htm Leek, S., Christodoulides, G. (2004). A LITERATURE REVIEW AND FUTURE AGENDA FOR B2B BRANDING: CHALLENGES OF BRANDING IN A B2B CONTEXT. University of Birmingham, Birmingham Business School, Edgbaston. Retrieved from https://www.impgroup.org/uploads/papers/7395.pdf Leighton, J., Bird, G. (2012). The Effect of Branding on Consumer Choice. Original Research Report. Retrieved from https://www.packagingfedn.co.uk/images/reports/The%20Effect%20of%20Branding%20on%20Consumer%20Choice.pdf Lipksy, T. (2016). 4 EXAMPLES OF BRAND STRATEGY DRIVING ORGANIZATIONAL SUCCESS. 4 EXAMPLES OF BRAND STRATEGY DRIVING ORGANIZATIONAL SUCCESS. Retrieved from https://www.setteradvertising.com/4-examples-of-brand-strategy-driving-organizational-success Maurya, U. K., Mishra, P. (2012). What is a brand? A Perspective on Brand Meaning. European Journal of Business and Management, 4(3). Retrieved from https://iiste.org/Journals/index.php/EJBM/article/viewFile/1322/1244 Nfs Gov. (1997). Analyzing Qualitative Data. NFS. Retrieved from https://www.nsf.gov/pubs/1997/nsf97153/chap_4.htm Naik, P. A., Raman, K. (2003). Understanding the impact of synergy in multimedia communications. Journal of Marketing Research, 40(4), 375-388. Pauwels, K., Silva-Risso, J., Srinivasan, S., Hanssens, D. M. (2004). New products, sales promotions, and firm value: The case of the automobile industry. Journal of marketing, 68(4), 142-156. McAlister, L., Srinivasan, R., Kim, M. (2007). Advertising, research and development, and systematic risk of the firm. Journal of Marketing, 71(1), 35-48. Mizik, N., Jacobson, R. (2008). The financial value impact of perceptual brand attributes. Journal of Marketing Research, 45(1), 15-32. Simon CJ, Sullivan NW. The Measurement and Determinants of Brand Equity: A Financial Approach. Marketing Science 1993; 12(November): 28-52

Socrates Nature-Nurture Essays - Socratic Dialogues,

Socrates: Nature-Nurture Nature-Nurture Many things affect people and how they behave based on genetics and what type of environment they are raised in. Part of a person or animal's behavior stems from behaviors which are innate or what they are exposed to in life. Socrates is a dog who has a unique mutation where he also possesses human characteristics. Several events factor why he behaves the way he does through the abusive environment he lives in, and through his dog-like nature. Socrates' personality and behavior is partly influenced through the environment he lives in. In the beginning, environment plays a large role in developing Socrates. The reason he became mutated is because of the environment he was exposed to, which were the electrical X-rays at the professor's house. The environment of the X-rays that Socrates and the other puppies were exposed to seemed to be the one that caused the mutation. Another factor that contributed to Socrates' behavior was Jennings, who constantly surrounds him in an abusive environment. Jennings finds that Socrates is a unique dog and that he can learn tricks easily. In teaching Socrates, Jennings uses a system of punishments by whipping and beating on Socrates so that he will learn the tricks immediately. Through this environment, Socrates learns to continually be in fear of Jennings. If Socrates had lived with the professor, he would have grown to become better educated and taught more human-like characteristics. The p rofessor would have kept Socrates away from any harm and shelter him from people like Jennings who want to have Socrates strictly for financial gain. Nature played a big part in developing Socrates' behavior. Even though Socrates possessed many human characteristics, he always had his dog-like nature. Socrates still kept his loyalty towards Jennings, due to the ?man's best friend? factor although Jennings always abused him. Even when the professor attempted to kill Jennings, Socrates was continually loyal to his master that he even gave his own life to attempt to save Jennings from drowning. Another characteristic of his dog nature is his sense of smell. All dogs have an acute sense of smell and Socrates was able to use that to his advantage to find the professor. He also could sense other things that humans could not, such as sounds and images that are out of our absolute threshold. While visiting the professor, Socrates was able to associate with other dogs, like Tess, and he enjoyed being in contact her since she is also a dog. Behaviorists and Freudians would address the nature-nurture question in different ways. In a nature-nurture environment in a behaviorist's view, the way a person is treated due to punishments and rewards. Through experiencing particular ways of punishments and rewards, a person's behavior and personality is developed. In a Freudians view of the nature-nurture issue, expressed would be the biological factors behind the behavioral and mental process. Hidden conflict in the mind through a Freudian's point-of-view would motivate much of a person's behavior. Also the role of environment where Socrates comes into contact with different types of people such as Jennings and the professor, is an issue that deals with Freudian views. Freudians believe that who a person comes into social contact with can help shape a person's personality development. Psychology Essays